Smoke from climate-fueled wildfires contributed to thousands of US deaths over 15 years, study says

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A new study has found that climate change is significantly contributing to deaths and economic costs in the United States due to wildfire smoke. From 2006 to 2020, climate change contributed to around 15,000 deaths from exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfires. The annual death toll ranged from 130 to 5,100, with states like Oregon and California being particularly affected.
The economic impact of these deaths was estimated to be around $160 billion during the same period. The study highlights that certain groups, such as children, pregnant people, the elderly, and outdoor workers, are more susceptible to the health risks associated with wildfire smoke. These particles can lodge deep into lungs and trigger coughing and itchy eyes with short-term exposure.
The study's authors used a multidisciplinary approach to quantify the impact of climate change on mortality and economic costs. They analyzed climate conditions, wildfire data, and health research to estimate the effects of PM2.5 from wildfires. The researchers drew on modeled and existing data to reach their findings.
They compared real climate conditions to a scenario without climate change and estimated the levels of PM2.5 from wildfire smoke tied to climate change. The study found that 10% of the 164,000 deaths related to wildfire-PM2.5 exposure from 2006 to 2020 were attributable to climate change.
The study's results are concerning, but not surprising, to experts in the field. Climate change is known to increase drought, extreme weather, and wildfires, which in turn lead to increased PM2.5 emissions. Scholars like Jacob Bendix and Lisa Thompson praise the study for its comprehensive approach and findings.
However, some experts, like Marshall Burke and Patrick Brown, raise questions about the study's conclusions and methodology. They note that linking burned area to smoke is trickier because wind patterns can vary, and non-climate drivers also play a significant role in wildfires.
The study emphasizes the need for policymakers and individuals to take action to mitigate climate change and reduce the risks associated with wildfires. By understanding the impact of climate change on wildfire smoke and mortality, we can work towards reducing the economic and health costs associated with these events. This can involve fuel breaks, prescribed burns, ignition-source regulation, and public health efforts.
Ultimately, the study highlights the far-reaching impacts of climate change on human health and the economy. As the frequency and severity of wildfires continue to increase, it's essential to take proactive steps to mitigate these risks and protect vulnerable populations.